An Ethogram Developed on Captive Eastern Coyotes Canis latrans

Authors

  • Jonathan G. Way Boston College, Environmental Studies Program and Lynch School of Education, Higgins Hall, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
  • Dean-Lorenz M. Szumylo Urban Ecology Institute and Environmental Studies Program, Higgins Hall, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
  • Eric G. Strauss Boston College, Biology Department and Urban Ecology Institute, Higgins Hall, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v120i3.317

Keywords:

canid, Canis latrans, eastern Coyote, ethogram, behavioural study

Abstract

We studied capture Eastern Coyotes (Canis latrans) from 27-585 days of age and compiled an ethogram on them. A total of 72247 15-sec samples were taken, amounting to 301 h of field time varying between 59.4–61.3 h per Coyote. A total of 540 behavioral patterns was observed amongst the 16 behaviour categories ranging from 9 (miscellaneous) to 72 (explore/investigate) action patterns per parent category. The 16 parent categories that we believed best described and appropriately sorted the behavioural actions were resting, sitting, sitting1, sitting2, standing, traveling, explore/investigating, hunting, feeding, infantile, greeting, self play, play initiating, playing, agonistic, and miscellaneous. Exploring accounted for >31% of all of the behaviours observed with resting and sitting (combined), standing, traveling, and play as categories decreasing in order of most to least frequent. Despite some omissions in our ethogram and drift associated with its ongoing development, we believe that the large amount of data collected made it rigorous enough to be a useful guide for the species. We argue that although future research will no doubt add to and/or modify components of it, its ease of use in the field (in captivity or in the wild) and it being the first complete ethogram described for the species, make it a useful tool for future researchers.

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